Joints Of Thumb Anatomy

Anatomically the thumb is compromised of the metacarpal connected to the trapezium a carpal bone in the wrist. The thumb does not have a middle phalange.

Joints Of The Wrist And Hand Joints Anatomy Upper Limb Anatomy Bone And Joint

Three Joints of the Thumb.

Joints of thumb anatomy. The surfaces of the bones where they meet to form joints are covered with a layer of cartilage which allows them to glide smoothly against one another as they move. The joints are enclosed by a fibrous capsule that is lined with a thin membrane called the synovium which secretes a fluid to lubricate the joints. The thumb joints are a little different than the other finger joints.

On its head it articulates with the proximal phalanx of the thumb 1 to form the first metacarpophalangeal joint while the base of the first metacarpal articulates with the carpal bone trapezium to form the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb or the trapeziometacarpal joint TMJ 2. The contractile structures can be divided into extrinsic and intrinsic muscles. Anatomy of the Metacarpal of Thumb Surfaces and Joints.

The IP joints of the digits also work like hinges when you bend and straighten your fingers and thumb. To learn more about the thumb joints and more about the finger joints visit our online Anatomy section. This first joint at the base of the finger is called the metacarpophalangeal joint MCP.

A boxers fracture is a common injury of this joint that can occur when a closed fist strikes a person or object. The thumb CMC joint has the most freedom of motion. There is only one metacarpophalangeal joint MCP joint which lies between the proximal phalanx and metacarpal hand bone.

The ends of the bones. This first metacarpal connects to the proximal phalanx. Since the first digit only has a proximal and distal phalanx the joint between them is simply known as the interphalangeal joint of the thumb.

The carpometacarpal CMC joints are articulations between the carpal bones carpo- and metacarpal bones -metacarpal of the hand. In the small finger it has a lot of motion. The thumb joint has two collateral ligaments as well as the capsule which is lined by a synovial.

2 The fibrous articulations between the teeth and the mandible or maxilla are called gomphoses and are also immovable. Two very important ligaments are the dorsoradial and the volar beak ligaments. The proximal interphalangeal joint PIPJ or PIJ is located between the proximal and middle phalanges while the distal interphalangeal joint DIPJ or DIJ is found between the middle and distal phalanges.

The CMC joint of the thumb or the first CMC joint also known as the trapeziometacarpal TMC joint differs significantly from the other four CMC joints and is therefore described. The largest joint of each finger lies between the finger and the hand. The knuckles are joints formed by the bones of the fingers and are commonly injured or dislocated with trauma to the hand.

The CMC joint of the thumb is located at the junction point of the thumb and the wrist. The first IP joint between the proximal and intermediate phalanges is known as the proximal interphalageal joint PIP joint. The second IP joint between the intermediate and distal phalanges is known as the distal interphalangeal joint DIP joint.

The thumb has two knuckle joints. The horizontal axis lies in the 3rd metacarpal and runs in a radial-ulnar direction to facilitate extension and flexion although the degree of extension is not equal for all fingers. This connects to the thumbs.

The joint near the end of the finger is called the distal IP joint DIP joint. Radioulnar joint the wrist joint containing the radiocarpal and the intercarpal joints the carpometacarpal joints the trapeziumfirst metacarpal joint the metacarpophalangeal joints and the interphalangeal joints. The one closest to the MCP joint knuckle is called the proximal IP joint PIP joint.

For example in the index finger it has little motion. The first and largest knuckle is the junction between the hand and the fingers - the metacarpophalangeal joint MCP. The abductor pollicis longus and brevis help move the thumb away from the hand.

In this article we review the normal anatomy of the thumb predominantly the first carpometacarpal CMC and first metacarpophalangeal MCP joints. Two annular pulleys are located at the level of the joints. 1 Sutures are nonmoving joints that connect bones of the skull.

Individual motor skills are attributed to the distinct mobility of the finger joints facilitated by the 3-movement axes. Each thumb has two joints. There are nine interphalangeal joints in each hand two on each finger and one in the thumb.

It works like a hinge when you straighten your fingers and thumb. The thumb metacarpal can bend and extend the thumb move the thumb away from and toward the hand and spin the thumb on the trapezium. There are five CMC joints in total out of which the carpometacarpal joint of thumb trapeziometacarpal joint is the most specialized and flexible.

Injuries and problems with this joint are uncommon. There are three types of fibrous joints. The carpometacarpal CMC joints are five joints in the wrist that articulate the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the five metacarpal bones.

The annular pulley system of the thumb consists of three to four pulleys. The first annular pulley is at the level of the metacarpophalangeal joint and the second annular pulley is at the level of the interphalangeal joint. These joints have serrated edges that lock together with fibers of connective tissue.

There are two interphalangeal joints IP joints on each finger except for the thumb which has one. Break down the words in the name carpometacarpal and you get carpo-wrist and metacarpal hand bone. The thumb only has one IP joint between the two thumb phalanges.

The three joints are as follows.

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