Anatomy Of The Eye Nerves

Eyelids The eyelids protect and. Before discussing conditions affecting the eye we need to review some basic eye anatomy.

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With an oculomotor nerve CN III palsy the two unaffected muscles are the superior oblique and lateral rectus.

Anatomy of the eye nerves. These axons are distributed in an organized pattern from the soma of the RGC to the lateral geniculated nucleus where most of the neurons synapse. How the Eye Works. Rod cells are one of the two types of light-sensitive cells in the retina of the eye.

The lower eyelid is innervated by the infraorbital nerve a branch of the maxillary nerve V3 that passes through the infraorbital foramen. The right optic nerve comes from your right eye and the left optic nerve comes from your left eye. The nerve layer lining the back of the eye.

Nerves are in the green boxes. This results in a depressed and abducted eyeball with partial ptosis drooping of the superior eyelid on the affected side. The trochlear nerve also contributes to the motor innervation of the eye.

Vitreous Humor The clear gelatinous substance filling the central cavity of the eye. The affected eye is displaced laterally by the lateral rectus and inferiorly by the superior oblique. Each of your optic nerves runs from the corresponding retina vision receptor cells in your eye into the brain through the optic canal a tunnel formed of bone.

The light-sensitive nerve layer that lines the inside of the back of the eye. It leaves the skull through the superior orbital fissure. The white part of the eye a tough covering with which the cornea forms the external protective coat of the eye.

The retina senses light and creates impulses that are sent through the optic nerve to the brain. Lateral view of the nerves of the eyeball. It converts light into electrical impulses.

The key points of the ON are the optic nerve head and chiasm. There are six main cranial nerves that innervate the eye and its accessory structures. Sclera The white outer coat of the eye surrounding the iris.

Most of these nerves enter the eye through the orbital cone while others reach the accessory structure directly. Leaves the eye at the optic disc and transfers all the visual information to the brain. The ophthalmic and maxillary nerves which supply sensory innervation to much of the face.

The opening in the middle of the iris through which light passes to the back of the eye. The eye is cushioned within the orbit by pads of fat. In the event of a trochlear nerve CN IV palsy the action of the superior oblique muscle is lost.

It innervates the inferior rectus medial rectus and inferior oblique. Let us start from the outside and work our way toward the back of the eye. The optic nerve ON is constituted by the axons of the retinal ganglion cells RGCs.

In the sinus the trochlear nerve is joined by several other nerves including the third and sixth cranial nerves which also serve the eye and two branches of the trigeminal fifth cranial nerve. Of the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve the ophthalmic nerve is involved in sensory innervation of the eye. Each human optic nerve contains between 770000 and 17 million nerve fibers which are axons of the retinal ganglion cells of one retina.

This chapter will include a detailed and updated review of the ON different parts. The retina senses light and creates electrical impulses that are sent through the optic nerve to the brain. Oculomotor nerve CN III A lesion of the oculomotor nerve affects most of the extraocular muscles.

The optic nerve is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glial cells. The upper eyelid is supplied by the oculomotor nerve. The orbit is formed by the cheekbone the forehead the temple and the side of the nose.

Behind the eye your optic nerve carries. The lateral rectus muscle of the eye that moves the eye horizontally. Nerves of the eye.

When the eye is deviated away from the midline the inferior rectus is responsible for depressing the eyeball. In addition to the eyeball itself the orbit contains the muscles that move the eye blood vessels and nerves. The abducens nerve cranial nerve VI is a somatic efferent nerve that in humans controls the movement of a single muscle.

The oculomotor nerve and the trochlear nerve originate in the midbrain. The eye adopts a position known as down and out. Cranial nerve III is the oculomotor nerve and as the name suggests it moves the eye.

In most other mammals it also innervates the musculus retractor bulbi which can retract the eye for protection. Of the extraocular muscles it only innervates the superior oblique muscle. There are about 125 million rods which are necessary for seeing in dim light.

There is no obvious affect of the resting orientation of the eyeball. Trigeminal Nerve CN V. Six cranial nerves innervate motor sensory and autonomic structures in the eyes.

The back part of the eyes interior. The orbit is the bony eye socket of the skull. The oculomotor nerve also innervates the intrinsic ocular muscles and thus regulates accommodation.

Trochlear nerve CN IV A lesion of CN IV will paralyse the superior oblique muscle. The inside lining of the eye is covered by special light-sensing cells that are collectively called the retina. Anatomy can be painful for some personally I hated anatomy in medical school so Im going to keep this simple.

The six cranial nerves are the optic nerve CN II oculomotor nerve CN III trochlear nerve CN IV trigeminal nerve CN V abducens nerve CN VI and facial nerve CN VII.

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